The nearest airport is Madurai Airport, located 45 km (28 mi) north-east of the town. Roadways are the main means of transportation, while the town also has rail connectivity. The remaining 7% is employed in agriculture, mining, quarrying, raising livestock, manufacturing, construction, trade and commerce. As the administrative headquarters of the district, the town's economy is based on the service sector, which employs 93% of the total workforce. In 2011, the town had a population of 72,296. Virudhunagar is administered by a municipality covering an area of 6.39 km 2 (2.47 sq mi). It has been ruled at various times by Later Pandyas, Vijayanagar Empire, Madurai Nayaks, Chanda Sahib, Carnatic kingdom and the British. The town has a humid climate and receives 780 mm (31 in) rainfall annually. Located to the east of Kowsika River, Virudhunagar has an average elevation of 102 m (335 ft) above sea level and is largely flat with no major geological formations. Virudhunagar emerged as an important trade centre during the British rule. It is located 506 km (314 mi) southwest of the state capital Chennai and 53 km (33 mi) south of Madurai. Virudhunagar is a city and the administrative headquarter of the Virudhunagar district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
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